Halosaccion Kützing, 1843
Lectotype species: Halosaccion hydrophorum (Postels & Ruprecht) Kützing
Currently accepted name for the type species: Halosaccion glandiforme (S.G.Gmelin) Ruprecht
Original publication: Kützing, F.T. (1843). Phycologia generalis oder Anatomie, Physiologie und Systemkunde der Tange. Mit 80 farbig gedruckten Tafeln, gezeichnet und gravirt vom Verfasser. pp. [part 1]: [i]-xxxii, [1]-142, [part 2:] 143-458, 1, err.], pls 1-80. Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus.
Request PDFType designated in: Schmitz, F. (1889). Systematische Übersicht der bisher bekannten Gattungen der Florideen. Flora oder Allgemeine botanische Zeitung 72: 435-456, pl. XXI.
Description: Thallus with erect tubular or saccate fronds arising singly or in small groups from a basal disc, becoming cartilaginous with age, unbranched or irregularly lobed, occasionally with irregularly arranged proliferations; construction multiaxial, cortex of 2-5 layers of small pigmented cells increasing gradually in size inwards and merging imperceptibly with medullary cells, medulla compact with 3-10 layers of isodiametric, mulinucleate cells the lumina of which become increasingly stellate inwards. Gametangial plants dioecious; spermatangia formed in large, irregular, tortuous sori over most of the surface of erect plants similar in morphology to the tetrasporangial plants; carpogonia occurring as single cells on young plantlets only, older carpogonia frequently developing multiple trichogynes; tetrasporangial plant developing directly from the fertilized carpogonium and overgrowing the carpogonial plant, carposporophyte absent. Tetrasporangia large, in extensive, irregular, tortuous sori generally covering much of the surface of the young frond when mature, formed in a terminal position from cortical cells, interspersed with modified, pigmented, branched or unbranched, sterile filaments, regenerating repeatedly from a basal generative stalk cell. Spores regularly cruciately or decussately arranged.
Information contributed by: M.D. Guiry. The most recent alteration to this page was made on 2022-08-20 by M.D. Guiry.
Taxonomic status: This name is of an entity that is currently accepted taxonomically.
Most recent taxonomic treatment adopted: Saunders, G.W., Jackson, C. & Salomaki, E.D. (2017 '2018'). Phylogenetic analyses of transcriptome data resolve familial assignments for genera of the red-algal Acrochaetiales-Palmariales complex (Nemaliophycidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 119: 151-159, 2 fig., 3 tables.
Comments: The neolectotypification of the genus with H. firmun (Ruprecht) Kützing proposed by Guiry (1982) is not justified. This species occurs in Japan and Pacific Russia; H. hydrophorum occurs in Pacific Russia. H. americanum I.K. Lee (formerly known as H. glandiforme (S.G. Gmelin) Ruprecht) in Pacific North America) grows from the Aleutian Islands south to Point Conception, California, U.S.A. H. glandiforme sensu stricto is only found in Pacific Russia, particularly the Kamchatka Peninsula (Lee, 1982). H. minjaii I.K. Lee is present in the Aleutian Islands where it is parasitised by Neohalosacciocolax aleutica I.K. Lee and Kurogi (q.v.) and in Pacific Russia (Klochkova and Selivanova 1989). Many of the species, including H. hydrophorum (Postels and Ruprecht) Kützing, the type, require further investigation. A saccate appearance does not guarantee that the entity in question is a Halosaccion as some Devaleraea species are also saccate. Oates (1986) concluded after a detailed study of photosynthesis in H. americanum that its saccate form was of considerable ecological benefit to it, particularly in its ability to retain seawater, which ameliorates desiccation and allows the plant to be almost as efficient at photosynthesis out of water as it is in water. Mitman and Phinney (1985) found that on germination in laboratory culture about half of the tetraspores of H. americanum formed carpogonia very rapidly; it was possible to fertilize these female plants with spermatia from wild male plants, and saccate plants up to 1 cm long developed over a 6-month period, which the authors reasonably assume are tetrasporangial plants. The life history of Halosaccion thus appears to be similar to that of Palmaria and Devaleraea (q.v.)
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Contributors
Some of the descriptions included in AlgaeBase were originally from the unpublished Encyclopedia of Algal Genera,
organised in the 1990s by Dr Bruce Parker on behalf of the Phycological Society of America (PSA)
and intended to be published in CD format.
These AlgaeBase descriptions are now being continually updated, and each current contributor is identified above.
The PSA and AlgaeBase warmly acknowledge the generosity of all past and present contributors and particularly the work of Dr Parker.
Descriptions of chrysophyte genera were subsequently published in J. Kristiansen & H.R. Preisig (eds.). 2001. Encyclopedia of Chrysophyte Genera. Bibliotheca Phycologica 110: 1-260.
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Citing AlgaeBase
Cite this record as:
M.D. Guiry in Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. 20 August 2022. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. https://www.algaebase.org; searched on 21 November 2024
